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The history of acetaminophen dates back to the latter part of the 19th century. The
substance was first described in chemical literature in 1878. In 1886, Drs. Arnold Cahn
and Paul Hepp of France were treating a patient suffering from intestinal parasites. They
had been investigating naphthalene for its beneficial effect in the treatment of this
problem. When their drug supply ran out, they ordered more from a local pharmacy. An
inexperienced pharmacist mistakenly filled the prescription with acetanilide.
The physicians found that acetanilide produced marked fever reduction in one of their
patients who, along with intestinal parasites, had a febrile disease. As Drs. Cahn and
Hepp continued to prescribe acetanilide, they also noticed its analgesic properties.
It wasn’t until 1899, however, that the relationship between acetaminophen and
acetanilide was discovered by Karl Morner of Germany. He learned that acetanilide is
metabolized in the body to become acetaminophen.
Ten years later, another German physician, Joseph Freiher von Mering, first synthesized
acetaminophen. Although his research confirmed that the drug was effective against pain
and fever, von Mering recommended extensive investigation into all analgesics and
antipyretics.
Acetaminophen was not prescribed nor studied any further until 1949 when research on
chemically related drugs revived interest in the compound. Modern research techniques
and clinical use in England confirmed the effectiveness and safety of acetaminophen as a
fever and pain reliever.
In the late 1940s, McNeil Laboratories, as the company was then known, had defined as a
new product objective an analgesic which would be different, available for marketing and
prescription only. At about the same time, James Roth, M.D., a University of
Pennsylvania Graduate School of Medicine gastroenterologist, was lecturing throughout
the United States about the dangers of aspirin. Subsequently, he began advocating for
APAP. Dr. Roth became a pr
In the spring of 1955, McNeil introduced TYLENOL Elixir for Children, the company’s
first single ingredient acetaminophen product. The outstanding success of TYLENOL
was attributed to a unique marketing strategy: